Vietnam War

"The Vietnam War" is what we Americans call the conflict that took place in Vietnam and the surrounding area in the 1960's and 1970's. The rest of the world refers to this conflict as "the Second Indochina War," harkening back to the earlier conflict primarily between the lingering colonial powers of France and the nationalists.
Other wars similarly have culturally divergent names:

• "The French and Indian War." The war in North America was more of a warfront in the greater Seven Years War (1756-1763), which involved many nations
• "The Korean War," as it is known in the U.S. and other places, is known as "6-25" (for the date beginning the conflict) or as the "Fatherland Liberation War" in the PROK (North Korea)
  

In general, wars are remembered culturally and the latin wisdom of Rome holds true: history is written by the victors.